乳癌：治療と競合動向

Abstract

Introduction

Overall approximately 3 million women in the US are living with breast cancer. But, even with an increasing incidence, the mortality rate has dropped slightly during the last 10-15 years. The most dramatic decrease is seen in younger patients (<50 years). In the past decade the regulatory authorities in US have approved five hormone-based therapies (Faslodex, Femara, Aromasin, Nolvadex and Arimidex), two chemotherapies (Xeloda and Taxotere) and one monoclonal antibody (Herceptin) as a treatment option for breast cancer. AstraZeneca reported increased sales of Arimidex during 2005 up 38% to $1.2 billion. Faslodex increased (+39%) to $140 million whereas Nolvadex decreased (-16%) to $114 million. Novartis reported that Femara increased it sell value by +30% to $326 million for the first 6 months in 2006. Net U.S. sales of Herceptin increased 56% to $747.2 million in 2005 and 18% to $479.0 million during 2004. According to UK estimates, the switching of 100 000 women from tamoxifen to Arimidex will cost nearly 100 million.

Research and analysis highlights

In the report "Breast Cancer - A Therapeutic & Competitive Insight" BioSeeker does not only describe and analyze the latest years of progress but as well provide an insight and framework to understand the complex field of breast cancer therapeutics. In this report, we provide one of the most comprehensive coverage of the R&D trends to set the future marketplace. BioSeeker presents both an overview and a detailed description on the progress of key drugs in Phase III and II development, together with general descriptions on drugs and targets. We have identified 170 drug candidates in clinical stage of development and more than 100 companies are involved in the development of these drugs. Among these drugs we clearly see substantial progress while others have failed. There will be a more intense competition in this market and current treatments will be changed for the benefit of more innovative therapies. Hormone modifying therapies together with different chemotherapeutic schedules have been of highest intrest during the last years of progress. A vast amount of new clinical research data has emerged and several new clinical trials have been iniated and others generated new results. Protein kinase inhibitors and epothilones have generated substantial amount of new research data in this field. But, other strategies seem not successful and we are still waiting new information regarding their progress.

Scope of this report

• Thorough examination of status and impact of several novel drugs in development
• Discussion of the challenges in current and future treatment strategies
• Anticancer pipeline of most companies in the field

Key reasons to read this report

• Explore the strengths and weaknesses associated with compounds in clinical development.
• Scientific rationale for most novel therapeutics in breast cancer R&D, and the results of clinical trials to date
• Gain insight into the current challenges and commercial opportunities associated with breast cancer therapy
• One hundred high quality references

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

2 Cancer Highlights

3 Methodology

4 Table of Contents

• 4.1 Boxes
• 4.2 Tables

5 Introduction

• 5.1 Disease Definitions
• 5.2 Etiology
• 5.3 Epidemiology
• 5.4 Prognosis

6 Current Treatment Strategies

• 6.1 Localized Disease
• 6.2 Advanced Disease

7 Progress in Current Treatment Strategies

• 7.1 Hormone Based Therapies
• 7.2 Antibodies
• 7.3 Chemotherapy

8 Key Therapeutic Strategies for Future Therapies

• 8.1 Therapeutic Type, Targets & Mechanisms

9 Competitive Landscape in Drug Development: The Late Stage Pipeline

• 9.1 The Epothilones
• 9.2 Cell Cycle & Apoptosis
• 9.3 Protein Kinase Inhibitors
• 9.4 Immunotherapy

10 Current Drug Development: The Early Stage Pipeline

• 10.1 DNA Targeting
• 10.2 FTIs
• 10.3 Antisense
• 10.4 New Hormone Modulators
• 10.5 Other

11 Drug Index

12 Company Index

13 Disclaimer

• 13.1 Liability
• 13.2 Completeness

List of Boxes

• Box 1: Ongoing Phase III Studies Anastrozole
• Box 2: Ongoing Phase III Studies Letrozole
• Box 3: Ongoing Phase III Studies Exemestane
• Box 4: Ongoing Phase III Studies Goserelin
• Box 5: Ongoing Phase III Studies Fulvestrant
• Box 6: Ongoing Phase III Studies Trastuzumab
• Box 7: Quick Facts - BMS-247550
• Box 8: Quick Facts - Temsirolimus
• Box 9: Quick Facts - SDX-105
• Box 10: Quick Facts - 4HPR
• Box 11: Quick Facts - Lapatinib
• Box 12: Quick Facts - Bevacizumab
• Box 13: Quick Facts - Theratope
• Box 14: Erlotinib
• Box 15: Gefitinib
• Box 16: Imatinib
• Box 17: Pemetrexed
• Box 18: NX473
• Box 19: Lonafarnib
• Box 20: Tipifarnib
• Box 21: Bortezomib
• Box 22: Arzoxifene
• Box 23: Patupilone
• Box 24: KOS-862

List of Tables

• Table 1: The Stage System
• Table 2: Risk Factors
• Table 3: List of Approved Drugs and Their Mechanisms of Action.
• Table 4: Hormonal Treatment Strategies
• Table 5: Adjuvant Systemic Treatment Options for Women With Axillary Node-Negative Breast Cancer
• Table 6: Treatment Options for Women With Axillary Node-Positive Breast Cancer
• Table 7: Chemotherapy Drugs and Regimen
• Table 8: Summay of Drugs Involved in Breast Cancer Therapy
• Table 9: Short Facts Tamoxifen
• Table 10: Short Facts Anastrozole
• Table 11: Short Facts Letrozole
• Table 12: Short Facts Exemestane
• Table 13: Short Facts Goserelin
• Table 14: Short Facts Fulvestrant
• Table 15: Short Facts Trastuzumab
• Table 16: Cancer Immunotherapy Strategies
• Table 17: Progress on Ixabepilone
• Table 18: Progress on CCI-779
• Table 19: Progress on Fenretinide
• Table 20: Progress on Lapatinib
• Table 21: Progress on Bevacizumab
• Table 22: Progress on Theratope
• Table 23: Summary of Mid-Stage to Late stage Investigational Agents Under Development
• Table 24: Summary of Breast Cancer Early Stage Pipeline