Abstract
Overview
Introduction
Biofuels are experiencing strong growth across Europe. As a result the
manufacturers and retailers of biodiesel and bioethanol, as well as other
industry stakeholders, need to be aware of the varying penetration rates
within member states. This brief assesses the fiscal, economic and market
based factors that are encouraging the use of biofuels across six major
European markets.
Scope
- An analysis of the legislation surrounding biofuels, both at the European
Union and national level, and how it has affected demand for the product.
- An assessment of the current production and availability of biofuels at
service stations in six key European markets and how this is likely to change.
- Insight into the roles played by different stakeholders within the
biofuels sector in each market including agriculture, fuel producers, fuel
suppliers and automotive manufacturers.
- An understanding of what is driving consumer demand for biofuels,
including the main tax rebates as well as other consumer-driven factors.
Report Highlights
Alongside support from the EU, Germany and Sweden have long been proponents of
biofuels at a national level. In order to promote biofuels use, their
respective governments offer an array of incentives, many of which are being
adopted by other member states. Examples include reductions on fuel duty, free
car parking and exemptions on road charges.
France and Germany have the largest production capacity for biofuels in
Europe, whilst biofuels consumption and the associated supply network is most
significant in Germany and Sweden. Unlike Germany, Sweden produces a
relatively small amount of biofuels at 123,000 tonnes per annum, making it
heavily reliant on imports to satisfy demand.
The high level of importance placed on environmental issues by European
consumers is likely to be a key driver for biofuels over the next few years; a
Datamonitor survey revealed that over half of consumers in all of the major
European countries, apart from Italy, agreed that "it is important to buy
socially responsible products".
Reasons to Purchase
- Understand the key legislative drivers of the biofuel industry and assess
their impact on production levels and motorist demand
- Compare bioethanol and biodiesel capacity, production and consumption
levels across six European markets and identify the key manufacturers
- Uncover the size of the biofuels service station network in selected
markets and identify the key retailers of bioethanol and biodiesel
Table of Contents
- DATAMONITOR VIEW
- ANALYSIS
- Alongside support from the EU, governments in Germanyand Sweden have
long been strong proponents of biofuels
- The EU' s Biofuels Directive has been the principalsupranational driver
for the uptake of biodiesel and bioethanol
- The EU' s Energy Crop Premium has helped spur thecultivation of crops
for the production of biofuels
- Strong political support for the use of biofuels has ledto the highest
uptake in Sweden and Germany
- Germany' s socialist/green coalition was a key factor inmaking it
Europe' s largest consumer of biofuels
- Multi-faceted support for the use of biofuels in Swedenhas led to
high penetration
- Political commitment and partnerships with agriculturehave made
France a leading consumer of biofuels
- Poor implementation of targets for biofuels in Spain andItaly has
led to limited uptake
- The UK government' s scepticism of biofuels hasrestrained consumption
- In member states obligations on fuel retailers to sellbiofuels will be
a significant market driver going forward
- In member states obligations on fuel retailers to sellbiofuels will be
a significant market driver going forward
- The biofuels market in Germany has been aided by astrong production
base, filling station network and vehicle availability
- The capacity to produce biofuels is strongest in Franceand Germany
- Germany has the largest production base for biofuels inEurope, but
is having to reduce output
- Sweden' s high level of biofuels utilization is heavilyreliant on
imports
- In France, enthusiasm from agriculture and industry hascreated a
strong production base for biofuels
- The UK' s production base is small and is suffering fromovercapacity
- Italy and Spain are significant producers of biofuelsdespite limited
consumption at the national level
- The retail network for high blended biofuels isstrongest in Germany
and Sweden
- Ethanol is widely blended into regular fuels in Sweden
- Availability of biofuels in France and Germany isamongst the highest
in Europe
- The network for biofuels is set to grow rapidly in Spainand Italy
- Biodiesel and bioethanol are only available at aminority of UK
service stations
- Swedish car manufacturers are the most enthusiasticsupporters of
biofuels
- Swedish and French car manufacturers have been the mostsupportive of
biofuels
- German car manufacturers have shown mixed enthusiasm forbiofuels
- Tax rebates and increasing environmental concern havebeen key in
boosting demand for biofuels in Germany and Sweden
- The adoption of biofuels has been most successful incountries with
generous fiscal incentives such as Sweden
- Users of biofuels in Sweden, Italy and Spain benefitfrom the highest
levels of tax relief
- Consumers in Germany, the UK and France benefit frompartial tax
rebates on biofuels
- The high level of importance placed on environmentalissues in Germany
and Sweden have influenced biofuel sales
- APPENDIX
- Definitions
- Sources
- Further reading
- Ask the analyst
- Datamonitor consulting
- Disclaimer
- List of Figures
- Figure 1: Germany put 0.65% of its non-fallow farmlandunder the Energy
Crop premium scheme in 2004
- Figure 2: Germany consumed more than 2,000 millionlitres of biodiesel in
2005
- Figure 3: 98% of the biofuel used in Sweden in 2005was bioethanol
- Figure 4: France consumes almost equal amounts ofbiodiesel and bioethanol
- Figure 5: The UK only used 120 million litres ofbiofuel in 2005
- Figure 6: Biofuel obligations
- Figure 7: Germany' s biodiesel production grew by over60% between 2004
and 2005
- Figure 8: Sweden produced 122,000 tonnes of bioethanolin 2005
- Figure 9: France produced 492,000 tonnes of biodieselin 2005
- Figure 10: The UK produced 51,000 tonnes of biodieselin 2005
- Figure 11: OKQ8 has 214 sites retailing E85 in Sweden
- Figure 12: Total UK has 331 sites retailing biodieselin the UK
- Figure 13: Saab, Volvo and Citroen are strongsupporters of biofuels
- Figure 14: Selected German car brands havedemonstrated enthusiasm for
biofuels
- Figure 15: Opting for green energy is one behaviouralaspect of rising
environmental attitudes
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