吸入型インスリンがインスリン市場に及ぼす影響

Abstract

Introduction

The first inhaled formulation of rapid-acting insulin, Pfi zer' s Exubera, has just reached the market. Several other inhaled insulins are now in late-stage development. This technology is likely to impact the insulin market signifi cantly, adding new players and potentially changing medical practice by lowering current barriers to initiation of insulin therapy.

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The long-term success of inhaled insulins will depend on third-party payer reimbursement policies, long-term safety data, and perceived convenience for the patient. What will provide emerging agents with a decisive competitive advantage? Including Exubera, which emerging inhaled insulin appears to have an edge in patient convenience?
Third-party payers are increasingly establishing policies that seek to contain the rising costs of health care. How have reimbursement policy makers responded to the availability of inhaled insulin? Aside from cost, what are the perceived disadvantages of inhaled insulins compared with injectable insulins?
Exubera will reap some benefi t from being the fi rst agent on the market, but the novelty of the technology will require Pfi zer to expend signifi cant resources to educate physicians and patients on its benefi ts. How important is Exubera to Pfi zer? Will Exubera be able to maintain its market advantage as competitors enter a market prepared for them by Pfi zer' s awareness campaign? Which inhaled insulin systems now in development will pose the greatest challenge to Exubera?

Table of Contents

• Executive Summary
• Strategic Considerations
• Stakeholder Implications
• Introduction
• Overview of Insulin Therapy
• Mechanism of Action
• Types of Manufactured Insulin
• Long-Acting Insulins
• Intermediate-Acting Insulins
• Short-Acting Insulins
• Drug Delivery
• Use of Insulin in the Treatment of Diabetes
• Type 1 Diabetes
• Type 2 Diabetes
• The Insulin Market, 2005
• Exubera
• How Exubera Works
• Development History
• Clinical Trials
• How Important Is Exubera to Pfizer?
• Other Inhaled Insulins in Development
• Eli Lilly and Alkermes' AIR Inhaled Insulin System
• Novo Nordisk and Aradigm' s AERx-iDMS System
• MannKind' s Technosphere
• The Outlook for Inhaled Insulins

Tables

• 1. Top-Selling Insulin Products, 2005
• 2. Pfizer' s Top-Selling Products in 2005 and Their Patent Expiries
• 3. Inhaled Insulins in Development

Figures

• 1. Growth of the Insulin and Antidiabetic Markets, 1995-2005
• 2. Expansion of Sales of Insulin Analogues, 2000-2005
• 3. Pfizer' s Pharmaceutical Sales, 2000-2005