世界の神経変性疾患治療市場の分析と予測：2005-2009 年

Abstract

Is the neurodegeneratives disease market growing? Are current drug therapies valuable? What are the current unmet needs in this market? What is the future of this market? All the answers to these questions and other aspects of this $8bn market are to be found in visiongains World Neurodegeneratives Disease Markets, 2005-2009.

The report examines the market for the following neurodegenerative diseases:

• Parkinsons Disease
• Alzheimers Disease
• Multiple Sclerosis
• Huntingtons Disease
• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
• Neuropathies
• Prion diseases.

The report World Neurodegeneratives Disease Markets, 2005-2009 then goes on to examine in greater depth the financial detail, growth rates, new developments, world-wide revenues and market share of the following:

• Parkinsons Disease
• Alzheimers Disease
• Multiple Sclerosis

Table of Contents

1.Introducing the World Market for Neurodegenerative Disorders

2. Neurodegenerative Disorders

• 2.1 Introduction to Neurodegenerative Disorders
• 2.2 What the Global Market for Neurodegenerative Disorders tells us
• 2.3 Focus of the report

3. Parkinsons Disease

• 3.1 Parkinsons Disease Overview
• 3.2 Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis
  • 3.2.1 Tremors
  • 3.2.2 Bradykinesia
  • 3.2.3 Diagnosis
• 3.3 What are the Risk Factors?
  • 3.3.1 Age
  • 3.3.2 A possible genetic basis to PD
  • 3.3.3 Men are more likely to develop PD
  • 3.3.4 Pesticides and Herbicides influence PD Development
  • 3.3.5 Reduced Oestrogen Levels Increase the Risk of PD
  • 3.3.6 Reduced Folate Levels Associated with PD
• 3.4 Demographics of PD
• 3.5 Financial Burden of PD
• 3.6 Pathophysiology of PD
• 3.7 The Market Profile of PD
• 3.8 Current Pharmaceutical Therapies of PD
• 3.9 Dopamine Precursers as the Standard Treatments for PD
  • 3.9.1 Sinemet (Co-careldopa)
  • 3.9.2 Madopar (Co-benelopa)
  • 3.9.3 Carbidopa and Benserazide
• 3.10 Dopamine Agonists as Treatments for PD
  • 3.10.1 Ergot-Alkaloid-Based Agents
  • 3.10.2 Parlodel (Bromocriptine)
  • 3.10.3 Dopergine (lisuride) is Superior to Parlodel
  • 3.10.4 Permax (pergolide)
• 3.11 Apomorphine as Additional Relief for PD Sufferers
  • 3.11.1 Requip (Ropinirole)
  • 3.11.2 Sifrol/Mirapexin (Pramipexole) is the Most Successful Drug in PD
• 3.12 N-Methyl-D-Asparate Receptor Antagonists (NMDA)
• 3.13 Symmetrel (Amantadine)
• 3.14 AMPA alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid Receptor Antagonist
  • 3.14.1 Talampanel
• 3.15 COMT (cateh-o-methyl-transferase)
  • 3.15.1 Tasmar (Tolcapone) as an Adjunct Therapy
  • 3.15.2 Comptess (Entacaopne)to Aid PD Treatment
• 3.16 Dopamine and COMT Combined
  • 3.16.1 Stalevo (Careldopa)
• 3.17 Anticholinergics (Antimuscarnic drugs)
  • 3.17.1 Congentin (benzatropine mesilate)
  • 3.17.2 Artane (Trihexyphenidyl) to Control Common Symptoms
• 3.18 Antihistamines and Antidepressants can Aid PD Symptoms
• 3.19 Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors
• 3.20 The World Market for PD Drugs will Show Significant Growth to 2009
• 3.21 Dopamine Agonists Dominate the PD Drug Treatment Market
• 3.22 Sifrol is Leading Drug Treatment of PD
• 3.23 Current Surgical Therapy will not Become a Popular Treatment of PD
  • 3.23.1 Thalamotomy only used to Reduce Tremors
  • 3.23.2 Pallidotomy is Becoming a More Popular Treatment for PD
  • 3.23.3 Deep Brain Stimulation aids in Tremor Reduction
• 3.24 Emerging Therapies for PD Small Molecule Drugs
  • 3.24.2 Gene Therapy as a new Treatment Therapy
  • 3.24.3 Rasagiline
  • 3.24.4 Azilect
• 3.25 Other New Drugs in Development
  • 3.25.1 The Process of Apoptosis in PD
  • 3.25.2 Pig Neuron Implantations as New Treatments for PD
  • 3.25.3 A Nerve Growth May Have a Role in PD Treatment
  • 3.25.4 The Implantation of Dopamine Producing Cells as a Novel Therapy in PD
  • 3.25.5 GDNF Gene Therapy as a New Treatment Therapy

4. Alzheimers Disease

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis
• 4.3 The Risk Factors for AD
• 4.4 The Demographics for AD
• 4.5 The Financial Burden of AD
• 4.6 Type of Protein as a Cause for AD
  • 4.6.1 Neuronal and Synaptic Loss of AD
  • 4.6.2 Chromosomal Mutations of AD
  • 4.6.3 Inflammation of AD
• 4.7 Current AD Pharmaceutical Drug Therapies
  • 4.7.1 What is the AD market telling us?
• 4.8 Acetylcholinesterase - DHow do you Treat Mild to Moderate AD?
  • 4.8.1 Cognex (Tacrine)
  • 4.8.2 Aricept (Donepezil) - The Leading Choice for AD
  • 4.8.3 Reminyl (Galantamine) is a Minor Treatment for AD
• 4.9 The Drug Treatment for Moderate to Severe AD
• 4.10 Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
• 4.11 The Market for AD Drugs Will See High Growth Rates
  • 4.11.1 A Dramatic Climb for the AD Drug Market
  • 4.11.2 Market Will Show Hi Growth to 2009
  • 4.11.3 Aricept has High Sales Growth
  • 4.11.4 Leading Cholinesterase Inhibitors in the AD Market
• 4.12 Emerging Therapies for AD
  • 4.12.1 Vitamin E (Antioxidants) for AD
  • 4.12.2 OTC Ginko Biloba May Slow AD Symptoms
  • 4.12.3 HRT May Protect Against AD
  • 4.12.4 Nicotine Replacement Therpay as a Potential Treatment for AD
• 4.13 Future Therapies for AD Will Not Overrule Conventional Drug Therapies
• 4.14 The Future Market for AD
• 4.15 Pipeline Drugs for AD
  • 4.15.1 PBT-1 (Coloquinol)
  • 4.15.2 Alzhemed
  • 4.15.3 Phenserine
• 4.16 The Future of the AD Drug Market

5. Multiple Sclerosis

• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 The Different Categories of MS
  • 5.2.1 Benign MS
  • 5.2.2 Relapse-remitting MS
  • 5.2.3 Primary progressive MS
  • 5.2.4 Secondary progressive
  • 5.2.5 Progressive relapsing MS
• 5.3 Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis
  • 5.3.1 Primary symptoms
  • 5.3.2 Secondary symptoms
  • 5.3.3 Tertiary symptoms
  • 5.3.4 Diagnosis
• 5.4 The Risk factors of MS
  • 5.4.1 Immunologic Factors
  • 5.4.2 Environmental Effects May Influence MS Incidence
  • 5.4.3 The Viral Induction of MS is Possible
  • 5.4.4 The Genetic Influence of MS Exists
  • 5.4.5 Hormones Presidspose Women in MS
• 5.5 Demographics of MS
• 5.6 Current Pharmaceutical Drug Therapies
• 5.7 Relapse-Remitting MS
  • 5.7.1 Avonex (Interferon beta 1a) to reduce Severity of MS
  • 5.7.2 Rebif (Interferon beta 1b)
  • 5.7.3 Betaferon (Interferon beta 1b)
  • 5.7.4 Copaxone (Glatiramer acetate)
• 5.8 Antineoplastic Drugs [Relapse-Remitting & Secondary progressive]
  • 5.8.1 Cancer Drug, Novantrone (Mixonatrone) Benefits MS Sufferers
• 5.9 Taxanes
  • 5.9.1 Taxol (paclitaxel)
• 5.10 Immunosuppressants - Secondary Progressive and Worsening Relapse-Remitting MS
  • 5.10.1 Imuran (Azathioprine)
  • 5.10.2 Sandimmune (Cyclosporine)
  • 5.10.3 Methotrexate and Leustat
• 5.11 Corticosteroids
• 5.12 Muscle Relaxants
• 5.13 Avonex Remains the Leading MS Drug
• 5.14 Pipeline drugs
  • 5.14.1 Antegren (Natalizumab)
  • 5.14.2 Leustat (Cladibrine)
• 5.15 Experimental Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis
  • 5.15.1 Gene Therapy
  • 5.15.2 Plasmapheresis (plasma exchange)
  • 5.15.3 Intravenous Immunoglobin (IVIg)
  • 5.15.4 Oligodendrocyte Implants
  • 5.15.5 Statins

6. Huntingtons Disease

• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Aetiology of HD
• 6.3 Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis of HD
  • 6.3.1 Early Symptoms
  • 6.3.2 Advanced Symptoms
• 6.4 Demographics of HD
• 6.5 Pathophysiology of HD
• 6.6 Current Pharmacological Treatment for HD
• 6.7 Chorea controlled by Benzodiazepines
• 6.8 Dopamine Antagonists can help HD patients
  • 6.8.1 Cannabinoids to Ease Symptoms of HD
• 6.9 Monoamine-depleting agents
• 6.10 Prospects for Future Treatment
  • 6.10.1 Cystamine to reduce symptoms
  • 6.10.2 HDAC Inhibitors may serve as a potential cure for HD
  • 6.10.3 The Case for Stem Cells
  • 6.10.4 Working on Neurotrophic Factors for HD
  • 6.10.5 Can Transglutaminase Inhibitors help in HD?

7. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 The Progression of ALS
• 7.3 Risk Factors
• 7.4 Diagnosis
• 7.5 The Demographic Impact of ALS
• 7.6 What are the Treatment Options of ALS?
  • 7.6.1 Rilutek (riluzole)
  • 7.6.2 The Pharmacological Treatment for Symptom Relief of ALS
  • 7.6.3 Neurontin (Gabapentin)
  • 7.6.4 Topamax (Topiramate)
• 7.7 Pipeline Drugs for ALS
  • 7.7.1 Creatine Monohydrate
  • 7.7.2 Xaliproden Hydrochloride
  • 7.7.3 CEP 1347 (Cephalons mixed-lineage kinase inhibitor)
• 7.8 Can a Cure be Found?
  • 7.8.1 Neurotrophic Factors
  • 7.8.2 The Role of Apoptosis in ALS
  • 7.8.3 Biological Markers for ALS
  • 7.8.4 Gene Research
  • 7.8.5 Minocycline
  • 7.8.6 Cox-2 (Nimesulide)

8. Neuropathies

• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Causes of Neuropathy
• 8.3 The Symptoms of Neuropathy
• 8.4 Who is at Risk?
• 8.5 Diagnosis of Neuropathy
• 8.6 The Classifications of Neuropathy
  • 8.6.1 Diabetic Neuropathy
  • 8.6.2 Auto-Immune Disease Related and its Relationship with Neuropathic Pain
  • 8.6.3 Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy
  • 8.6.4 Drug-Related Neuropathy
• 8.7 The Societal Impact of Neuropathy
• 8.8 The Cost of Neuropathic Pain
• 8.9 Current Treatment of Neuropathy
• 8.10 Non-pharmaceutical Treatments and Therapies
  • 8.10.1 Transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation (TENS)
  • 8.10.2 Biofeedback
  • 8.10.3 Acupuncture
  • 8.10.4 Hypnosis
  • 8.10.5 Relaxation Techniques
• 8.12 The Major Current Pharmaceutical Treatment for Neuropathy
  • 8.12.1 Topical Agents
  • 8.12.2 Pain relievers
  • 8.12.3 Antidepressants
  • 8.12.4 Anticonvulsants
  • 8.12.5 Antiarrhythmics
  • 8.12.6 Analgesics
• 8.13 Opioids maintaining relief for Neuropathy
  • 8.13.1 Morphine
  • 8.13.2 Fentanyl
  • 8.13.3 Oxycodone
• 8.14 Other Drugs used in Neuropathies
  • 8.14.1 Mexiletine
  • 8.14.2 Methycobal
  • 8.14.3 Tramadol
• 8.15 Current Developments: New Anticonvulsants
  • 8.15.1 Topiramate
  • 8.15.2 Lamotrigine
  • 8.15.3 Levetiracetam
• 8.16 New Developments: Aldose Reductase Inhibitors
  • 8.16.1 Thioctic Acid
• 8.17 Growth factors
• 8.18 NMDA antagonists

9. Prion Diseases

• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 CJD
  • 9.2.1 What is it?
  • 9.2.2 The Aetiology of CJD
• 9.3 Varying Types of CJD
  • 9.3.1 Sporadic or classical CJD
  • 9.3.2 Hereditary or familial CJD
  • 9.3.3 Acquired or iatrogenic aCJD
  • 9.3.4 (Variant) vCJD
• 9.4 Demographics of CJD
• 9.5 Symptoms of CJD
  • 9.5.1 Initial symptoms
  • 9.5.2 Progressive symptoms
  • 9.5.3 End-stage symptoms
• 9.6 Diagnosis of CJD
• 9.7 Treatments of CJD
• 9.8 The Political issues attached to CJD
• 9.9 Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS)
  • 9.9.1 What is it?
  • 9.9.2 Aetiology of GSS
  • 9.9.3 Symptoms of GSS
  • 9.9.4 Demographics of GSS
• 9.10 FFI
  • 9.10.1 Whats is it?
  • 9.10.2 Aetiology of FFI
  • 9.10.3 Symptoms of FFI
  • 9.10.4 Diagnosis of FFI
  • 9.10.5 Demographics of FFI
  • 9.10.6 Stages of FFI
  • 9.10.7 Treatment of FFI
• 9.11 Kuru
  • 9.11.1 What is it?
  • 9.11.2 Symptoms of Kuru
  • 9.11.3 Initial symptoms
  • 9.11.4 Secondary symptoms
  • 9.11.5 Demographics of Kuru
  • 9.11.6 Treatment of Kuru
  • 9.11.7 Future Research for Kuru
• 9.12 Alpers Syndrome
  • 9.12.1 What is it?
  • 9.12.2 Aetiology of Alpers
  • 9.12.3 Symptoms of Alpers
  • 9.12.4 Primary symptoms of Alpers
  • 9.12.5 Secondary symptoms of Alpers
  • 9.12.6 Treatment for Alpers Syndrome
  • 9.12.7 Prognosis of Alpers syndrome
  • 9.12.8 What research is being done?

10. Multiple Sclerosis Dominates the World Neurodegenerative Diseases Market

List of Charts, Tables, & Graphs

• Table 1.1 Overall Forecast for Neurodegenerative Market ($bn), 2002 - 2009
• Graph 1.1 Total revenues for Neurodegenerative diseases ($bn) 2002 - 2009
• Graph 1.2 Annual Growth Rate for ND Market 2002 - 2009
• Chart 1.1 The Market Share (%) for ND diseases 2003
• Chart 1.2 Market Share (%) for the ND, 2009
• Table 3.1 Demographic Facts of PD Worldwide
• Table 3.2 Current Pharmaceutical Therapies for PD, 2003
• Table 3.3 Global revenues ($bn) for PD Drugs 2002 - 2009
• Graph 3.1 Global revenues ($bn) for PD Drugs 2002 - 2009
• Table 3.4 PD Drug Market Share, 2003
• Chart 3.1 PD drug Market share, 2003
• Table 3.5 Leading PD Drug Treatments
• Table 3.6 Market Share for Da Agonists Vs Other Drugs
• Chart 3.2 Market share for Da Agonists Versus Other Drugs
• Chart 4.1 Percentage Share of People with AD Worldwide
• Table 4.1 Pharmaceutical Drug Treatment for AD
• Table 1.3 Market Share (%) of the Leading AD Drugs 2003, USA
• Chart 4.2 Market Share (%) of the Leading AD Drugs, Q3 2003, USA
• Table 4.4 World Revenues in AD Market 2002 - 2003
• Table 4.6 World Market Share in AD Drug Market, Q3, 2003
• Chart 4.4 World Market Share in AD Drug Market Q3, 2003
• Table 5.1 Breakdown of MS Symptoms
• Table 5.2 The Worldwide Demographics of MS
• Table 5.3 The Major Drug Treatments of MS, 2003
• Table 5.3 The Major Drug Treatments of MS
• Table 5.4 Market Share of MS Drugs 2002 - 2003
• Chart 5.2 Market share of MS Drugs
• Table 5.5 Forecast of MS Drug Market 2002 - 2009
• Graph 5.1 Forecast of MS Drug Market 2002 - 2009
• Table 5.4 Market share of MS drugs 2002 and 2003
• Chart 5.2 Market Share of Ms Drugs, 2003
• Table 5.5 Forecast of Multiple Sclerosis Market, 2002 - 2009
• Table 5.1 Forecast of Multiple Sclerosis Market 2002 - 2009
• Table 7.1 Current Drug Therpaies for ALS, 2003
• Table 8.1 The Annual Cost of Pain
• Table 8.2 Common Antidepressants used in treating Neuropathies
• Table 8.3 New Developments in Drugs for Neuropathic Pain
• Table 9.1 The Different Prion Diseases
• Table 9.2 Pharmacological Treatments for CJD