米国における観光旅行市場

Abstract

The leisure travel market in the United States is improving. Sales of hotel stays, airfare and rental cars have increased an estimated 37% between 2002 and 2007. This report highlights industry shifts that have enabled price increases, focusing on supplier activity and initiatives. Also discussed is how consumers are coping with price increases and what will keep them participating in the market.

While the amount of leisure travel is up somewhat, the largest boost to the bottom line has come from price increases across all segments. However, these have not decreased leisure travel as much as has been feared. Instead, consumers are traveling shorter distances and saving money by staying with family and friends. It is primarily higher-income travelers that are keeping the industry thriving. Special interest and niche travelers are driving trends that will have an increasing impact on the travel industry.

Table of Contents

• Scope and Themes
• What you need to know
• Definition
• Abbreviations and terms
• Executive Summary
• Key facts
• Economy has improved, and travel prices have risen
• Vacationers daunted by travel hassles and opting out of vacation time
• Travel companies are rebounding
• Generational and niche travel impacts
• Internet the primary tool for travel booking and research
• Types of vacations taken
• Travel attitudes
• The primary demographic impacts
• Future growth targets niche groups
• Strong market foreseen through 2012
• Market Drivers
• Key points
• Growth in U.S. economy continues...
  • Figure 1: U.S. GDP, 2000-06
• ...with higher-earning households boosting travel
  • Figure 2: Median household income, 1995-2005
  • Figure 3: Number of domestic vacations taken in the last 12 months, and number of outside the U.S./overseas vacations taken in the last 24 months, by household income, April 2007
  • Figure 4: Number of households per income group, 1999 and 2005
• Higher cost of travel
  • Figure 5: Travel price index* and consumer price index*, 2001-06
• Staying closer to home
  • Figure 6: U.S. international travel and tourism balance of trade, by region, 2005
  • Figure 7: Average expenditures outside U.S. by U.S. citizens, 2004*
• The hassles of travel
• Vacation time
  • Figure 8: Reasons for not taking a vacation, April 2007
  • Figure 9: Employees with access to paid vacation and paid holidays, 1999-2005
  • Figure 10: Paid vacation days available to private sector employees, by average wage and geographical area, March 2005
• Internet
  • Figure 11: Top online activities of Internet users, October 2006
• Niche leisure travel considerations
• Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and trans-gendered (GLBT) travelers
  • Figure 12: Total travel expenditure by GLBT Americans, at current and constant prices, 2000-05
• Couples
• Singles
• Market Size and Trends
• Key points
• Market size
  • Figure 13: Total U.S. sales of leisure travel, 2002-07
  • Figure 14: Number of person trips for business and leisure purposes, 2002-07
• Leisure travel trends
• Travel off the beaten path
  • Figure 15: Total sports and adventure travel expenditures within the U.S., segmented by activity, 2004 and 2006
• Going green
• Summer most popular time, but shifting
• Upscale camping
• Sustainable tourism
• Market Segmentation
• Key points
• Overview
  • Figure 16: U.S. leisure travel sales, by segment, 2005 and 2007
• Lodging for leisure purposes
  • Figure 17: Sales of lodging for leisure purposes, at current and constant prices, 2002-07
• Air travel for leisure purposes
  • Figure 18: Sales of air travel for leisure purposes, at current and constant prices, 2002-07
• Car rental for leisure purposes
  • Figure 19: Sales of car rentals for leisure purposes, at current and constant prices, 2002-07
• Supply Structure
• Key points
• Hotels
• New properties
• Food and beverage updates
• Beyond just a bed for the night
• Catering to four-legged friends
• Extra amenities
• Airlines
  • Figure 20: Airline domestic market share, March 2006-February 2007
• Route shifts
• Price increases
• Targeting higher-end travelers
• Better customer service
• Operational changes
• Schedule adjustments
• Rental cars
• Rail travel for leisure purposes
• Bus travel for leisure purposes
• Tours
• Cruises
  • Figure 21: North American cruise passengers, by destination, 2003-06
• Destinations/activities
  • Figure 22: Most popular summer vacations, 2005 and 2006
• Advertising and Promotion
• Key points
• Introduction
• Travel organizations
• Co-branding
• Targeting minorities
• Resurfacing airlines
• Consumer participation
• Celebrity tie-ins
• Niche targeting
• Internet
• Promotions
• Featured destinations
• Montana
  • Figure 23: Montana
• Las Vegas
  • Figure 24: Las Vegas
• Whiteface Mountain Ski Resort, Lake Placid, New York
  • Figure 25: Whiteface Mountain Ski Resort
• Universal Orlando Theme Park
  • Figure 26: Universal Orlando Theme Park
• U.S. Virgin Islands
  • Figure 27: U.S. Virgin Islands
• Puerto Rico
  • Figure 28: Puerto Rico
• Bahamas
  • Figure 29: Bahamas
• Retail Distribution
• Key points
• The players
  • Figure 30: Total U.S. leisure/unmanaged business travel booking, by online vs. offline, 2004 and 2006
• Internet innovations and trends
• Global Distribution Systems
• Hotels
• Hotel supplier sites versus distributors
• Airlines
• Car rentals
• Internet travel companies
• The Consumer--Domestic Travel
• Introduction
• Summary highlights of consumer survey
• Domestic vacations
• Vacations overseas/outside the U.S.
• Travel attitudes
• Most notable demographic differences
• Income
• Hispanics
• Number of domestic vacations taken
  • Figure 31: Number of domestic vacations taken in the last 12 months, by age, household income, race/Hispanic origin and marital status, April 2007
• States visited
  • Figure 32: States visited on domestic vacation, April 2007
• Types of domestic vacations taken
  • Figure 33: Type of domestic vacation taken in the last 12 months, by age, April 2007
  • Figure 34: Type of domestic vacation taken in the last 12 months, by household income, April 2007
  • Figure 35: Type of domestic vacation taken in the last 12 month, by race/Hispanic origin, April 2007
• Modes of transportation (domestic)
  • Figure 36: Modes of transportation used (domestic), by age, April 2007
  • Figure 37: Modes of transportation used (domestic), by household income, April 2007
  • Figure 38: Modes of transportation used (domestic), by race/Hispanic origin, April 2007
  • Figure 39: Modes of transportation used (domestic), by presence of children, April 2007
• Hotel amenities used (domestic)
  • Figure 40: Hotel amenities used (domestic), by age, April 2007
  • Figure 41: Hotel amenities used (domestic), by household income, April 2007
  • Figure 42: Hotel amenities used (domestic), by race/Hispanic origin, April 2007
  • Figure 43: Hotel amenities used (domestic), by presence of children, April 2007
• Air travel services used (domestic)
  • Figure 44: Air travel services used (domestic), by age, April 2007
  • Figure 45: Air travel services used (domestic), by household income, April 2007
  • Figure 46: Air travel services used (domestic), by race/Hispanic origin, April 2007
• Travel for disaster relief purposes
  • Figure 47: Travel or interest in travel for disaster relief purposes, by age, household income, race/Hispanic origin and marital status, April 2007
• The Consumer--What Makes an Enjoyable Vacation and Reasons For Not Taking One
• Components of an enjoyable vacation
  • Figure 48: Components of an enjoyable vacation, by age, April 2007
  • Figure 49: Components of an enjoyable vacation, by presence of children, April 2007
• Reasons for not taking a vacation
  • Figure 50: Reasons for not taking a vacation, by age, April 2007
  • Figure 51: Reasons for not taking a vacation, by household income, April 2007
• The Consumer--Travel Outside the U.S.
• Number of vacations abroad taken
  • Figure 52: Number of outside of the U.S./overseas vacations taken, by age, household income and race/Hispanic origin, April 2007
• Destination of last vacation abroad
  • Figure 53: Destination of last outside of the U.S./overseas vacation, by age, April 2007
  • Figure 54: Destination of last outside of the U.S./overseas vacation, by presence of children, April 2007
• Types of outside of the U.S./overseas vacations taken
  • Figure 55: Type of vacation taken outside the U.S./overseas in the last 24 months, by gender and age,
• Modes of transportation (outside the U.S./overseas)
  • Figure 56: Modes of transportation used (outside the U.S./overseas), by gender and age, April 2007
• Hotel amenities used (outside the U.S./overseas)
  • Figure 57: Hotel amenities used (outside the U.S./overseas), by household income, April 2007
  • Figure 58: Hotel amenities used (outside the U.S./overseas), by presence of children, April 2007
• Air travel services used (outside the U.S./overseas)
  • Figure 59: Air travel services used (outside the U.S./overseas), by age, April 2007
  • Figure 60: Air travel services used (outside the U.S./overseas), by household income, April 2007
• Concern for environmental and ethical issues while on vacation outside the U.S.
  • Figure 61: Concern for environmental and ethical issues while on vacation outside the U.S.,
  • Figure 62: Concern for environmental and ethical issues while on vacation outside the U.S., by age, April 2007
• Future and Forecast
• Future trends
• Key points
• Echo Boomers increasingly age into travel market
  • Figure 63: Generations, 2002-12
• Increasing costs
• Internet for booking and research will continue to grow, albeit more slowly
• Hispanic market has potential
  • Figure 64: Population, by race and Hispanic origin, 2002-12
• Special-interest travel to trend up
• Market forecast
• Leisure travel
  • Figure 65: Forecast of total U.S. sales of leisure travel, at current and constant prices, 2007-12
• Leisure travel lodging
  • Figure 66: Forecast of U.S. sales of leisure travel lodging, at current and constant prices, 2007-12
• Leisure air travel
  • Figure 67: Forecast of U.S. sales of leisure air travel, at current and constant prices, 2007-12
• Leisure travel car rentals
  • Figure 68: Forecast of U.S. sales of leisure travel car rentals, at current and constant prices, 2007-12
• Forecast factors
• Appendix: Trade Associations