韓国のエネルギー・水資源部門への外国直接投資（FDI）機会

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

FUNDAMENTAL MARKET DRIVERS: A QUICK REVIEW

Korea: Market Opportunities

South Korea is a major exporting industrial player in the global marketplace. It is also an important market for foreign direct investment (FID) via manufacturers, financial entities and other foreign interests in its industrial, infrastructure development and consumer sectors, although overall FID has decreased in recent years. Other market opportunities exist outside the FID sector. The main thrust of this report is to point out selected areas of opportunity and how corporate interests can more readily enter those market sectors.

This introduction briefly arrays the business opportunities and market drivers in the country' s economy.

Any realistic analysis of South Korea' s continued economic progress must take into account four fundamental factors impacting the shape and rate of future progress. Two have existed for some time, are critical to continued industrial development and will become even more important in the future as industrial and consumer growth impact more heavily, and therefore figure prominently in the business opportunity area. Another is dangerous to the state and its economy, seemingly imponderable, may or may not come into play, and therefore cannot be directly used in opportunity analysis, but must be kept in mind at all times in any prudent business risk analysis. The fourth factor is beginning to emerge as a significant issue which is likely to develop through necessity into a significant pressure for both energy and water resource infrastructure change. It must be considered, at least on the margins of our discussion. Stated succinctly, the four factors in the order listed above are:

• Heavy dependency on imported petroleum and other hydrocarbon energy sources for both industrial and consumer energy requirements in the face of accelerating population and industrial growth and associated increased energy requirements.
• Irregular water resource availability coupled with an immature water management infrastructure, facing the same continued growth demand impact as energy.
• Local regional as well as global political, economic and military instability, resulting from North Korean political/military unpredictability, coupled with Middle East unrest and possible resulting effects on oil deliveries to South Korea
• Serious pollution of air and water resources, the certainty of problem growth, and the probable impact of a growing requirement for stricter pollution controls

Table of Contents

• INTRODUCTION
  • FUNDAMENTAL MARKET DRIVERS: A QUICK REVIEW
    • Korea: Market Opportunities
    • The two Koreas
  • U.S.-KOREA RELATIONS
  • KOREA: THE BACKGROUND
    • What Was
    • What Happened
  • KOREA: A COUNTRY PROFILE
    • Geography and Demographics
    • Economy
    • Economic Indicators
    • Economic Trends
  • MARKET OVERVIEW: THE PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES
  • THE ECONOMIC UPSIDE-AND SOME CONSTRAINTS
  • GEOPOLITICAL RISKS
  • SIGNIFICANCE OF KOREA' S ENERGY PROBLEM
  • DEPENDENCE ON IMPORTED HYDROCARBONS
    • Increasing Competition for Energy Imports
    • Solutions: No Magic Bullet
• KOREA: ENERGY REQUIREMENTS AND CONSUMPTION
  • GENERAL
    • Energy Consumption
    • The Inevitable Conflict
  • ENERGY USE AND CARBON EMISSIONS
  • KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION
    • Energy Consumption by Fuel Share
    • Energy and Carbon Intensity
• RENEWABLE ENERGY
  • HOPE, INTENTIONS AND REALITY
    • Government Action
• ENVIRONMENTAL OUTLOOK
• ENERGY SUMMARY
• U.S. INSIGHTS
• BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES IN POWER GENERATION
• THE WATER PROBLEM
  • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROBLEM
    • Korean Water Resources: The U.N.' s Broad Assessment
    • River Basins and Water Resources
    • Lakes and dams
    • Non-conventional Water Sources
    • Water Withdrawal
    • Government Participation
  • TRENDS IN WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
  • BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES IN WATER-RELATED ISSUES
  • MARKET ACCESS
• KOREA: ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
  • BACKGROUND
    • Air Pollution
    • Transboundary Pollution
    • Water Pollution
  • ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TRENDS
    • Technology Suppliers
    • The Competition
    • Doing Business in Korea
• SOME ADVICE ON MARKET ENTRY
• APPENDIX: CONTACTS
  • U.S. CONTACTS IN KOREA
  • OTHER CONTACTS AND RESOURCES
    • Other resources: