触媒技術の世界的発展

Research Overview

Stringent Environmental Regulations Drive the Petroleum Refining Catalysts Market

As countries throughout the world introduce legislation to reduce sulfur content in gasoline and diesel as a part of environmental regulations for refineries, the refinery catalyst business is expected to get a boost. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations in the United States aim to reduce gasoline sulfur levels to 15 to 30 parts per million (ppm) by 2005. Diesel sulfur content is also to be reduced to 15 ppm in highway vehicles by 2006. Emission regulatory acts such as the Clear Air Act require refineries to drastically cut down gaseous and particulate emissions. The European Union and Japan aim to reduce sulfur levels in both gasoline and diesel to 50 ppm by 2005 and to less than 10 ppm by 2009. As a result, the coming years could prove to be a boom time for catalyst manufacturers – provided they introduce efficient catalysts at the right time. ‘Drop-in’ catalysts suitable for the existing refinery setup and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology are expected to be the preferred choices for the petroleum industry.

This Technical Insights study comprehensively presents and assesses the latest technological R&D taking place across the global catalysts market. The research covers developments at universities, R&D centers of leading companies, and other research institutions in the United States, Europe, and Asia. Additionally, segment-wise discussions are provided on the various drivers and restraints that govern the use of catalysts in chemicals, polymers, petroleum refining, and environmental applications.

Innovative Polymer Catalysts Offer Increased Selectivity

"Single-site and selective oxidation catalysis enable improved efficiencies and selectivity, opening up possibilities for catalysis in new reactions," says the analyst of the research. Among polymerization catalysts, single-site catalysts such as metallocenes are anticipated to grow substantially due to their ability to alter the properties of polymers to obtain a very high degree of customization. Newer single-site catalysts combine their traditional ability to control molecular architecture with the capacity to deliver an elevated polymer melting point.

"On the other hand, though single-site catalysts are expected to gain more acceptability, Zeigler-Natta catalysts with their proven reliability at low costs are here to stay as the trusted workhorse of the polymer industry," notes the analyst.

Separate Marketing of Enantiomerically Pure Drugs Spurs Demand for Chiral Catalysts

Approximately one-third of all drugs are chiral – existing as identical but non-superimposable forms or right- and left-handed enantiomers. Pharmaceutical drugs that were earlier marketed in racemic or mixed form are now being separated and marketed as single isomers. Such ‘racemic switching’ is a cost-effective way to extend patent lifetimes and nurture development pipelines. Often, the pure forms of these isomers are much more potent than the original racemic drugs. Hence, the demand for solution-based phase homogeneous catalysts and enzymes is likely to rapidly grow.

Table Of Contents

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Catalysts

1. Definition

2. Study Highlights and Key Findings

Research Methodology

1. Scope

2. Methodology

2 INTRODUCTION

Introduction to Catalysts

1. Catalysts: What Are They ?

2. Overview of the Catalyst Market

Catalysts: Types; Characteristics and Mechanism

1. Types of Catalysts

2. Characteristics of Catalysts

3. Mechanism of Catalysis

3 CATALYSTS IN CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL APPLICATIONS

Catalysts in Chemical Industries

1. Chiral Catalysts

2. Enzymes

3. Hydrogenation Catalysts

4. Oxidation Catalysts

5. Dehydrogenation Catalysts

Technology Developments in Companies

1. Catalysts for Hydrogen Reforming - USA

2. Noble Metal WGS Catalysts for Fuel Processing and Hydrogen Generation Applications - USA

3. Biocatalysis - Discovery Tools Workflow - USA

4. Porous Metal Cakes Aid in Catalyst Recovery - USA

5. Protein Engineering Yields Xylanase - USA

6. Biozymes Into Sugars for Fuel Ethanol - Denmark

7. Improved P-Xylene Catalyst - USA

8. CACHy Technology - USA

9. Novel Enzyme Carriers - USA

10. Enzyme Improvement - Germany

11. Lipases for Solving Pitch Problems in Paper - Finland

12. Better Monooxygenases for Industrial Synthesis - USA

13. Microbial Vanillin Process - UK

14. Biocatalyst for Flavor Material - USA

15. Histidine Enhances Metal Accumulation in Plants - UK

Research in Universities and Government Institutions

1. Enhancement of Titanium Dioxide Catalyst with Carbon - Germany

2. Anatase Coatings for Photocatalytic Properties - South Korea

3. Anchoring of Metal Complexes within Nanoporous Alumina - Germany and France

4. Use Solution Route to Produce Metal Oxide Thin Films - USA

5. Reactive Deposition of Metallic Thin Films Using Supercritical-Fluid-Based Porous Supports - USA

6. Recyclable Catalysts for Solvent-free Reactions - USA

7. Ethanol-Based Enzymatic Batteries - USA

8. Microbial Reduction of Diketocarboxylic Acids - Germany

9. Pacific Yew Taxadiene Synthase - USA

10. Gold Nanoplugs Wire Enzyme Circuits - Israel

11. Biological Degradation of Cyanide - USA

12. Palladium Catalysts for Producing Acetic Acid - USA

13. Materials Sort Chiral Chemicals - USA

14. First Artificial Protein Built - USA

15. Improved Enzyme for Destroying Nerve Gas - USA

16. Xylanase Treatment Improves Pulp Ozone Bleaching - Spain

17. Microbial Nickel Protein to Oxidize Methane - Germany

18. New Bacterial Pathway Degrades Organophosphates - UK

19. White-Rot Fungi Transform Chlorophenols - UK

20. Bacteria Engineered to Produce Ortho-Aminophenols - USA

21. Recombinant Vanadium Haloperoxidase Enzyme - USA

Technology Drivers; Restraints and Challenges

1. Drivers

2. Restraints and Challenges

Recent Applications

1. Titanium Dioxide for Self-Cleaning Windows

2. RNA Biocatalysts

3. Proteomics Catalyst

4 CATALYSTS IN POLYMER APPLICATIONS

Polymerization Catalysts

1. Ziegler-Natta Catalysts

2. Metallocene Catalysts

3. Phase-Transfer Catalysts

Technology Developments in Companies

1. New Class of Polyolefin Catalysts to Produce LDPE - USA

2. New Ethyl Benzoate Catalysts for Gas and Liquid Phase Polymerization - USA

3. Aminium Lactate Route for Polylactic Acids - USA

4. Improved Metallocene Polypropylene Grades - USA

5. Multi-Layer Film Adhesion Elimination - USA

6. New Titanium-Based Catalyst for Polyester Synthesis - Japan

Research in Universities and Government Institutions

1. Cornell Researchers Fabricate Biodegradable Polymers from Renewable Sources - USA

2. Catalysts for Post-Polymerization Modification - The Netherlands

3. Cobalt-Based Polycarbonate Copolymerization Catalysts - USA

4. Catalysts Aid in the Development of Polymers from Carbon Dioxide - USA

5. Versatile Polymer Nanoscale Brushes - USA

6. Use Catalysts to Synthesize Mesoporous Materials - USA

7. Polymeric Electrolyte in Fuel Cells - USA

8. Dielectric Films from Supercritical Fluids - USA

9. Porous Ceramics to Magnetically Separate Proteins - USA

Technology Drivers; Restraints and Challenges

1. Drivers

2. Restraints/Challenges

Recent Applications

1. Metallocene Applications

2. Nanodiameter Alumina Fiber for Use as Catalysts

3. Catalysts for Windmill Blades

4. Catalysts for Cleaner Purer Additives

5. Catalysts for Interpolymers

6. Materials with Hollow Mesospheres as Catalysts

5 CATALYSTS IN PETROLEUM REFINING APPLICATIONS

Petroleum Refining Catalysts

1. Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalysts

2. Catalytic Reforming Catalysts

3. Hydroprocessing Catalysts

4. Alkylation Catalysts

Technology Developments in Companies

1. Recent Technological Developments at Akzo Nobel - The Netherlands

2. New Olefin Cracking Process - USA

3. Catalysts to Control Wax Molecules in Lubes - Singapore

Research in Universities and Government Institutions

1. Novel Catalysts for Better Fuel - USA

2. Nobel Metal Hydrotreating Catalyst for Fuel Desulfurization - USA

3. Catalysts for Cleaner and More Efficient Fuel Cells - USA

Technology Drivers; Restraints and Challenges

1. Drivers

2. Restraints and Challenges

Recent Applications

1. Alumina in Petroleum Refining

2. Zeolite Applications

3. Catalytic Dewaxing

6 CATALYSTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS

Environmental Catalysts

1. Zeolites

2. Nanocatalysts

3. Diesel Oxidation Catalysts

4. Fuel Cell Catalysts

Technology Developments in Companies

1. GASPART Technology for Removing Carbon Particulates from Automobile Exhausts - UK

2. Active Site Technology to Enhance Catalytic Activity - UK

3. New Catalyst for Automobile Exhausts - Japan

4. Selective Catalytic Reduction Technology - USA

5. Hybrid Selective Catalytic Reduction Technology - USA

6. Low-Platinum Electrocatalysts - USA

7. Catalysts for Long-Lasting and Low-Friction Surfaces - USA

8. Phthalocyanines to Detect Noxious Gases - Romania

9. Recovery of Catalysts by Supercritical Water Oxidation Process - UK/Sweden

10. Nanofiber Growth - Denmark

Research in Universities and Government Institutions

1. Nanocatalyst Behavior Study - USA

2. New Catalysts for Green Chemistry - USA

3. Catalysts for Artificial Photosynthesis - USA

4. Carbon Nanotubes for Use in Catalysts - USA

5. Self-Separating Catalyst to Prevent Wastes - USA

6. New Family of Porous Catalytic Materials - USA

7. Advanced Catalysts for Use in Compression-Ignition Direct-Injection Engines - USA

8. Sol-Gel Production of Lanthanum Cobaltite Thin Films - Japan

9. Renewable Hydrogen from Ethanol - USA

10. Cerium Oxide Catalyst Might Reduce Cost of Fuel Cells - USA

11. Development of Low-Cost Hydrogen Catalyst - USA

12. Catalysts Decolorize Textile Mill Wastewater - USA

13. Nanoscale Catalyst Model for Atomic-Level Understanding - USA

14. Zeolite Catalyst to Meet NOx Limits - USA

15. Zeolites as 'Highways' for Oil Components - The Netherlands

16. Novel Plasma Catalysts Significantly Reduce NOx from Diesel Engines - USA

Technology Drivers; Restraints and Challenges

1. Drivers

2. Restraints and Challenges

Recent Applications

1. Zeolite Filters Prevent Disease Transmission Due to Contaminated Drinking Water

2. Control of Air Pollution

3. Zeolites as Hydrocarbon Traps

4. Zeolites Accelerate Decomposition of Pesticides in Water

5. Catalysts to convert Polluting By-Products of Paper Mill Wastes

6. Catalysts in Fuel Cells

7. Autocatalytic Converter Saves Costly Fuel

8. Membranes Prefer Bigger Pores in Zeolites

9. Crystalline Microporous Materials

10. Catalysts for Paper Cleaning

7 PATENTS; DSD TABLES; COMPANY PROFILES AND CONTACT DETAILS

Some Key Patents

1. Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalysts

2. Hydroprocessing Catalysts

3. Chiral Catalysts

4. Enzymes

5. Ziegler-Natta Catalysts

6. Metallocenes

7. Zeolites

8. Nanocatalysts

DSD Tables

1. Vehicles in Operation(Thousands) by Region 1996-2002

2. Total Vehicle Production (Units) by Region 1996-2004

3. Crude Oil Production ('000 Barrels Per Day) by Region 1996-2004

4. Pharmaceuticals R&D Expenditure (Million USD) by Region 1996-2004

5. Government Investment in Biotechnology (Million USD) by Region 1996-2004

6. Private Investment in Biotechnology (Million USD) by Region 1996-2004

Contact Details and Company Profiles

1. Company Profiles

2. Contact Details

8 FROST & SULLIVAN 2004 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AWARDS

Excellence in Technology in Automotive Catalysts

1. Introduction

2. Award Recipient

Technology Leadership in Catalyst Technology

1. Introduction

2. Award Recipient

9 DATABASE OF KEY INDUSTRY PARTICIPANTS

Companies

1. North America

2. Europe

3. Asia-Pacific

Universities

1. North America

2. Europe

3. Asia-Pacific